Means for ccxolinq electric conductors



No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. H. A. ROWLAND.

MEANS FOR COOLING ELECTRIC OONDUGTORS. No. 513,422. Patenfed Jan. 23,1894.

(NoiVIodeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H A ROWLAND MEANS FOR COOLING ELECTRIC GONDUOTORS.

No. 513,422. Patented Jan. 23, 1894:.

wit menus M 5 519w UNITED STATES PATE T OFFICE.

HENRY A. ROWLAND, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

MEANS FOR C0,0LING ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS.

SPECIPICATIOIF formingpart of Letters Patent No. 613,422, dated. January23, 1894.

Application filed February 14, 1893. Serial No. 462,301. (No model.) I

To alt whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY A. ROWLAND, a

" citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State ofMaryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means forCooling Electric Conductors; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which 1t appertains to make and usethe same.

My invention relates to methods of cooling conductors carrying largeelectrical currents,

' such a tank. In order to make the flow of.

and the objectof this invention is to so cool the conductors that theywill not heat up enough to destroy the insulation or cause othertrouble. To accomplish this result, the conductors are made hollow sothat a current of water or other fluid, either volatile or nonvolatile,may be passed through the said conthe water or other conducting fluidcontinuous, a pair of tanks may be used, one of which 1s being emptiedwhile the other is giving water to or receiving it from the electrifiedconductor. Reference is bad to the accompanying drawlngs, in which thesamg parts are indicated by the same letters throughout the severalviews. Figure 1 represents a transformer of large size, the secondarycoils being removed, and

the primary coils being in the form of a hollow conductor through whicha current of liqu d is flowing. Fig. 2 represents a similar device tothat shown in Fig. 1, except that the fluid flows from a tank throughthe primary coils of the transformer, and escapes as a spray as shown inFig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a similar device to Fig. 2 except that thesupply tank receives its liquid intermittently from two feed tanks; thetank actually feeding being always insulated. Fig. 4 represents adevicefor operating the pair of feed tanks'alternately and automatically sothat the stream of water may at all times be broken. Fig. 5 representsanother device for breaking up the stream of water into a spray. Fig. 6represents a side elevation, and Fig. 7 a section,on' the line on a: ofFig. 6,0f a revolving stop cock for breaking up the stream of waterintoseparate segments.

A represents the laminated iron forming the core of the transformer,andBandB' represent the primary coils which carry alarge current ofelectricity. These coils are hollow fluid, preferably water, althoughany other liquid, either volatile or non-volatile, conducting ornon-conducting, may be used.

In the device shown in Fig. 1, the cooling fluid comes through the pipe0 and flows through the branches 0 and c, forming the lower portion ofthe primary coil, up through the coils B and B, the pipes b and b, andthe sprays or roscs D and I) respectfully. By means of these sprays orroses, the fluid is broken up into a number of drops, which areinsulated from each other by the intervening particles of air, and thusdo not carry off the electricity, or any material part thereof flowingthrough the coils B and B. The electricity flows from the positiveterminal E and binding post cl through the coil B, the con ductors c andof, the coil B and the opposite binding post (I to the negative terminalE.

In the device shown in Fig. 2 the flow of electricity is as before, butthe water or other fluid comes from a pipe K and a spray D by which itis broken up into insulated portions before it falls into the tank II.From this tank it flows through the hollow conductor 1), the coil B,conductors 0 the coil B, the conductor b and the spray D where it isagain broken up, and thus prevented from carrying off any appreciableamount of electricity in the primary coils.

In the device shown in Fig. 3, the flow of electricity and of coolingfluid is the same as in Fig. 2, but the tank H is fed alternatelyfronrthe tanks M and M, which receive their and have forced through themthe cooling m, and n and n of the devices shown in Figs. 4 or 5 may beadopted.

In Fig. 4 the cocks at and n are alternately operated by connecting rodsm connected to arms m at the rear ehd of the shoVeLshaped tanks M and Mtogether by rods m pivoted to each tank at m'. These tanks M and M 'havea sloping side m so arranged that when the water rises above apredeternamed height, the tank tilts over and empties itself. As onetank, such as M, is tilted to the position shown in Fig. 4, the cock 1:.is closed and the tank M js thrown into the horizontal position, and thecock 'n' is opened. As soon as the tank M is ready to tilt the tank M isrighted and'the valve a closed,

, preferably may be of any Y line with the pipe N and the cock at o enedb the tiltin of the said tank M. p y a In this manner the said tanks Mand M will alternately fill and empty themselves automatically, and thetank will never be in fluid connection with pipe N.

In order that electrical connection may not be had through theapparatus,-the arms m and the connecting rods m and m should be of woodor. other insulating material; In the device shown in Fig. 5, the tanklI 1s fed from the pipe N by means of the pipe K, and rotating sprinklerk, which latter well-known construction.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the pipe N is connected to a stop cock P, provided witha rotating valve P having one ormore passages 12*. Only one of suchserved that the number of them may be multiplled if desired. This valveP'- is attached to a spindle pwhich is driven by the pulley p, but anyother convenient means for revolving the valve P may be adopted. It willbe seen that each time the passage 11 is in and the hollow piston pwater will pass through the spout which will be intermittently formedand broken, allowing a series of segments of fluid to esea whichsegments will be separated from each other by the' intervening particlesof non-conducting air. a While I have shownvarious methods of breakingup the conducting fluid linto nonconducting or insulated parts, it willbe obvious that many other methods might be adopted which could be usedwithout departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described myinvention, what of the spout, ajet ofwhich arepivoted at m and m, and are connected 2o passages is shown but it' willbe ob- I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat.- ent ot the UnitedStates, is-

1. The method of coolinghollow conductors carrying electric currents,whlcheonsists in passing a conducting fluidthrough said eonactors, andin breaking the electrical continuity of said ductor. 4 4 p 2. Themethod of cooling hollow conductors carrying electriccurrents, whichconslsts in passing water through said -condi 1ctors,and in breaking theelectrical continuity of said water after it leaves said conductor.

3. The method of cooling hollow conductors carrying electric currents,which cons sts 1n passing a'conducting fluid through said conductors,and in breaking the electrical .continuity of said fluid before itreaches and after it leaves said conductor, substantially as and for thepurposes described.

f 4. The method of coolinghollowconductors carrying electric currentswhich consists in passing water through said conductors, and in breakingthe electrical continuity of said -water before it reaches and after itleaves said conductor, substantially as and for the purposes described.v

5. The combination of a hollow conductor carrying electric currents, aconducting fluid passing therethrough, and means for separating saidfluid into parts which are insulated from each other, substantially asand for the purposes described.

6. The combination of a hollow conductor adapted to carry large electriccurrents, a conducting fluid passing through said conductor, and meansfor breaking the electrical continuity of said fluid after it leavessaid conductor, substantially as described.

7. The combination of a hollow conductor adapted to carry large electriccurrents, a con? ducting fluid passingthrough said conductor, and meansfor breaking the electrical continuity of said fluid before itreachesand after it leaves said conductor, substantially as" vand for thepurposes described.

8. In a transformer, the combination with the iron core, of a coilmounted on said core composed of a hollow conductor, a conducting fluidpassing through said hollow conductor, and means for'separating saidfluid,

after it leaves said conductor into parts insulated from each other.

9. In a transformer, the combinationwith the iron core, of a coilmounted on said core composed of a hollow conductor, a conducting fluidpassing through said hollowconductor, and means for separating saidfluid before it reaches and after it leaves said conductor into partsinsulated from each other.

too

In testimony whereof I aflix my signaturein presence of twowitnesses.

HENRY A. ROWLAND.

Witnesses: 4

. Tnos. M. DoBBm,- WILLIAM H. BERRY.

